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Hugh Owen Pentecost (1848–1907) was a radical American minister, editor, lawyer, Georgist, and lecturer. == Early life, preaching, and radicalization == Pentecost was born in 1848 at New Harmony, Indiana, to Emma Flower and Hugh Lockett Pentecost. Hugh was the fourth of five children, along with his eldest sister, Cora; his older brother, George Frederick (who also went on to become a nationally renowned preacher); another sister, Emma; and a younger sister, Rosa, who died in childhood. Hugh was given the middle name "Owen" after Robert Owen, the patron of the utopian socialist community that Pentecost's parents had joined at New Harmony. At the age of two, his family moved to Albion, Illinois.〔Robert Helms, ("Hugh Owen Pentecost (1848–1907) A Biographical Sketch" ).〕 After a short stint as a printer in Kentucky, Pentecost attended Colgate University in upstate New York, and after graduating in 1872, he entered the Baptist ministry. He preached at Baptist churches in Brooklyn; Long Island; Westerly, Rhode Island; Hartford Connecticut; and Brooklyn. In 1871, while pastoring the Rockville Center, Long Island Baptist Church, he married Laura Anderson, the daughter of a successful Brooklyn confectioner. In 1873, Hugh and Laura left the Baptists in a dispute over the practice of "Free Communion,"〔("Rev. Mr. Pentecost and His Congregation on Open Communion," ) ''New York Times'', June 1, 1873.〕 and then organized their own "Church of the People." They left that church, in turn, during the summer of 1875, after they challenged a church member over his handling of funds. Hugh Pentecost took on another assignment in Westerly, Rhode Island; in 1877, his wife, Laura, died of rheumatic fever.〔''Brooklyn Eagle'', July 16, 1875, p. 4, and December 6, 1877, pp. 3-4〕 In 1880, while in Hartford, he married Ida Gatling, the daughter of Richard Jordan Gatling.〔("Marriage of the Rev. Mr. Pentecost," ) ''New York Times'', October 17, 1880.〕 Shortly after his wedding, he once again became a pastor for a Baptist church in Brooklyn, but Pentecost left the Baptist denomination, and became a pastor for non-denominational church in Manhattan and then the Belleville-Avenue Congregation Church in Newark, New Jersey. Pentecost became widely known for his eloquent sermons and his support for anti-poverty causes, Georgist land reform, socialism, and nonresistance. In 1887, he began to make speeches for Henry George's Anti-Poverty Society,〔("Anti-Poverty's Apostles: Speeches at Two Meetings of the Society," ) ''New York Times'', June 20, 1887; ("Talking to the Printers: Mr. Pentecost at an Anti-Poverty Meeting," ) ''New York Times'', September 24, 1887.〕 ran and lost a race for mayor of Newark on the United Labor ticket,〔("Pentecost for Mayor," ) ''New York Times'', October 5, 1887; ("Surprises of the Election," ) ''New York Times'', October 13, 1887; ("Tired of Mr. Pentecost's Vagaries," ) ''New York Times'', November 23, 1887.〕 and delivered a sermon in protest of the hanging of the Haymarket martyrs.〔("Pentecost Defends Them," ) ''New York Times'', November 14, 1887; ("Tired of Mr. Pentecost's Vagaries," ) ''New York Times'', November 23, 1887.〕 His increasingly political and theologically unorthodox sermons led to controversy within his congregation in Newark; in December 1887, he resigned from his post and announced that "My studies furthermore have given me such changed opinions regarding many fundamental doctrinal ideas that I feel I can no longer remain in the orthodox ministry or the orthodox church."〔("Tired of Mr. Pentecost's Vagaries," ) ''New York Times'', November 23, 1887; ("His Advice to the Jury; the Rev. Mr. Pentecost on His Own Case," ) ''New York Times'', November 28, 1887; ("Mr. Pentecost to Resign," ) ''New York Times'', December 11, 1887; ("Himself the Sacrifice: Mr. Pentecost Resigns to Save the Church," ) ''New York Times'', December 12, 1887.〕 After leaving the orthodox ministry, Pentecost opened an independent "Unity Congregation" in Newark.〔("Mr. Pentecost Gets a New Church," ''New York Times'', December 23, 1887 ); ("Mr. Pentecost's New Church," ) ''New York Times'', January 2, 1888.〕 He gave sermons and lectures on radical topics, becoming increasingly sympathetic to anarchism,〔("Seeing No Good in Politics: A Minister who Finds Nothing but Wickedness," ) ''New York Times'', July 2, 1888; ("Mr. Pentecost's Views," ) ''New York Times'', November 11, 1889; ("The Czar Denounced: A Mass Meeting Protests Against the Siberian Outrages," ) ''New York Times'', March 1, 1890.〕 and edited a newspaper, the ''Twentieth Century'', in which he published articles and correspondence on anarchism, Georgism, democracy, and labor reform. He often corresponded and shared platforms with radicals such as Benjamin Tucker and Daniel De Leon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hugh O. Pentecost」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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